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Posts Tagged ‘Case Study’

Application of 3D Elekta VolumeViewTM image guided radiation therapy (IGRT) in treatment of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma – Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong

Isodose Distribution

Isodose Distribution

Patient history
A 34-year-old man was diagnosed to have a stage IVA (T4 N2 M0) NPC (nasopharyngeal carcinoma). Medical imaging showed a large tumor mass in the nasopharyngeal region with extensive involvement of neighboring structures including base of skull, sphenoid sinus, ethmoid sinuses and pituitary fossa. Multiple enlarged lymph nodes in both cervical regions were also reported.

Planned treatment

Depatrment of Clinical Oncology TMH

Depatrment of Clinical Oncology TMH

Three cycles of q3 week adjuvant chemotherapy (Cisplatin and 5FU) were given prior to concurrent chemo-irradiation with another three cycles of q3 week Cisplatin. A twelve beam IMRT plan was generated for treatment on Elekta Synergy®. Two isocenters were used because of the long treatment volume. SMART (simultaneous modulated accelerated radiation therapy) boost was employed to improve tumor control with reduced overall treatment time. Total doses of 70Gy, 60Gy and 54Gy were respectively prescribed to gross primary tumor/gross nodal region, planned target volume with margins, and elective nodal region in 33 daily fractions. Geometric accuracy is particularly important because of the close proximity of critical structures (especially brain stem and temporal lobes) to the high dose targets.

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MRI showing massive tumor with extensive involvement - CT scan showing skull base destruction

MRI showing massive tumor with extensive involvement - CT scan showing skull base destruction

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Potential of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for anal cancer –

Anal cancer is primarily treated with radio chemotherapy and represents a complex treatment situation due to the size, shape and position of the pelvic planning treatment volume (PTV). Pelvic radiation therapy may cause significant acute and late toxicity, therefore advanced 3D treatment planning strategies as well as intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) are used to reduce exposure to organs at risk (OAR). Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) may provide excellent dose distributions with very short treatment times. This case-based planning study explores this potential.

read more about VMAT for Anal Cancer

Re-treatment of a recurrent brain tumor using Elekta Synergy® S

Re-treatment of a recurrent brain tumor using Elekta Synergy® S



Institution: Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, USA
Patient: 63-year-old male
Diagnosis: NSCLC
Plan: Nine-field IMRT/SRT
Image guidance: VolumeView™ on-line
Treatment: Target – 1200cGy – single fraction

Patient diagnosis and history

A 63-year-old man with a six-month history of weight loss underwent a chest X-ray which revealed a right upper lobe mass. The patient later had a generalized seizure and was admitted to a local hospital, after which he had an MRI scan which revealed three metastatic lesions.

A CT scan of the chest revealed a 9cm right upper lobe mass with hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. The patient had a fine needle aspirate biopsy of the right upper lobe mass that was compatible with non-small cell carcinoma of the lung (NSCCL). A bone scan revealed increased activity in the T6 vertebral body and the right intertrochanteric area of the right femur.

Previous radiation therapy

The patient had previously received whole brain irradiation, a total dose of 3500cGy was delivered in 14 fractions through parallel-opposed lateral fields.

Treatment

A step-and-shoot IMRT/stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT) plan (figure 1) for simultaneous treatment of multiple brain metastases (two cerebellar and a right temporal). Treatment planning was carried out using Philips Pinnacle®3 IMRT/SRT techniques. The patient was immobilized in a reinforced AcQuaPlast head mask. No sedation was employed.

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Axial dose distribution & Sagittal dose distribution

Axial dose distribution & Sagittal dose distribution

Goal

Deliver a higher dose to the prostate while sparing or minimizing the dose to the rectum, in an effort to reduce or eliminate acute and delayed rectal morbidity. Total session time, including patient positioning, ultrasound-guided targeting, and intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) delivery should not exceed 30 minutes, maintaining the existing patient load. Rationale for IMRT approach Radiotherapy planning with PrecisePLAN® IMRT at United Radiation Oncology (URO) demonstrates a considerable decrease in radiation dose to the rectum.

Patient selection

Patients diagnosed with prostate cancer and referred to URO receive an initial consultation,consisting of history, physical exam, psychosocial assessment and discussion of treatment options. Candidates for IMRT are those patients with adverse prognostic factors, whose outcome may improve in response to dose escalation.Adequate localization of the prostate via ultrasound is critical, therefore the patient must be able to drink sufficient fluid to fill the bladder.

Read more on this Prostate Cancer Case Study

Image guided radiosurgery of spinal metastases using Elekta Axesse™

Image guided radiosurgery of spinal metastases using Elekta Axesse™

More than 15 years ago, the patient was treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx via surgical resection and adjuvant radiation. At that time, a dose of 68Gy was administered in 34 fractions using an opposed-lateral technique. He has since remained free of laryngeal cancer recurrence. He however recently presented with a three month history of mechanical pain in the right side of the neck as well as paresthesias in the right C2 distribution. MRI demonstrated a contrast enhancing lesion involving the C2 and C3 vertebral bodies, abutting the spinal cord and encasing the dominant vertebral artery. Full body imaging revealed a newly discovered 8cm contrast-enhancing mass in the left kidney. Biopsy of the spine mass revealed findings consistent with metastatic renal carcinoma. Due to encasement of the dominant vertebral artery, complete resection of the cervical spinal metastasis was not recommended. Rather, the patient underwent C2-3 laminectomy, subtotal tumor resection for spinal cord decompression, and instrumented fusion from C1-4, preceded by tumor embolization. Radical left nephrectomy was performed. Stereotactic radiosurgery was recommended for residual tumor remaining within C2 and C3. –

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Animation of Elekta VMAT / Elekta Synergy